Technical Notes:

1. Ligand used in the Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling and animation of unactivated aryl chlorides. T he reactions generally occur at room temperature and give high yields of product.

2. Ligand used in Pd-catalyzed C-N bond formation. A general synthesis of N6-aryl-2'-deoxyad enosine analogues.

3. Ligand used in Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of indoles .

4. Ligand used in Pd-catalyzed synthesis of aryl-tert-butyl ethers .

5.Effective ligand in the Pd-catalyzed arylation of ester enolates .

6.Ligand employed in arylation of ketone enolates using ortho-halo nitrobenezenes .

7. Ligand employed in the amination of aryl nonaflates using Pd catalysts.

8. Ligand used for cascade alkenyl amination/Heck reaction for the synthesis of indoles .

9. Ligand used in Pd-catalyzed Kumada-Corriu cross coupling at low temperatures.

10.Ligand used in Rh-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamination of unactivated terminal and internal

alkenes with primary and s econdary amines .

11. Ligand used in Au-catalyzed cyclois omerization of allenes.