超级电容器新元素：纳米材料的实际应用
时间: 2025-01-16
作者: 百灵威
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在超级电容器的研发与性能提升中，纳米材料作用关键。从电极材料构建反应核心，到电解质助力电荷流转，再到集流体强化电流传导，纳米材料凭借特性，融入各关键环节推动其发展。
1、电极材料：
超级电容器电极常使用纳米材料。碳纳米管比表面积大、导电性好、化学稳定性强，可为电化学提供诸多活性位点，加快充放电；石墨烯二维且载流子迁移率高，兼具丰富官能团，既能实现快速充放电提升功率密度，又能通过修饰适配多元需求；金属氧化物纳米材料，像纳米二氧化锰、氧化钨，展现赝电容行为，多样结构带来更多活性位点，提升能量密度；海胆结构碳纳米颗粒，内部介孔、外表碳管，用于电极可降等效串联电阻，强化电子存储与导电能力。
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Manganese(II) selenide, 99.9% 硒化锰(II) | 1313-22-0 | 399431 |
| Molybdenum(Ⅳ)telluride, 99.95% 二碲化钼(IV) | 12058-20-7 | 310203 |
| Molybdenum(IV) selenide, 99.99%, ≥100 mesh 硒化钼(IV) | 12058-18-3 | 101438 |
| Molybdenum(IV) sulfide, 99% 硫化钼(IV) | 1317-33-5 | 279238 |
| Niobium(IV) selenide, 99.99% 硒化铌(IV) | 12034-77-4 | 441278 |
| Selenium sulfide, 99.9% 硫化硒 | 7488-56-4 | 520670 危化品 |
| Tungsten(IV) selenide, 99.99%, trace metals basis 硒化钨(IV) | 12067-46-8 | 912896 |
| Tungsten(IV) telluride, 99.95% 二碲化钨(IV) | 12067-76-4 | 350641 |
| Aluminum hydroxide terephthalate MOF, Aperture: 0.8nm * 1.3nm, Particle size: 5 - 10μm, BET specific surface area: 900 - 1100 m2/g 对苯二甲酸铝 | 654061-20-8 | 948668 |
| HKUST-1, SSA:＞1500 m2/g 1,3,5-均苯三羧酸铜 | 222404-02-6 | 2465672 |
| Iron(III) 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate hydrate, Aperture: 1.0 - 3.0 nm 1,3,5-苯三羧酸铁(III)水合物 | 1257379-83-1 | 1807588 |
| MIL-125(Ti), Aperture: 0.6 * 0.8 nm, BET surface area: 1300 m2/g 钛-MIL-125 | 1193372-03-0 | 9108344 |
| MOF-303(Al), BET surface area: 900-1300 m2/g MOF-303(Al) 金属有机骨架 | 2050043-41-7 | 9272497 |
| NH-MIL-101(Al), Aperture: 2.9 - 3.4 nm; BET specific surface area: 2400 - 2800 m2/g NH-MIL-101(Al) | 1404201-64-4 | 2749007 |
| Nano MOF-808, particle size: 200 - 300 nm, surface area: 1800 - 2000 m2/g, pore volume : 0.8 - 1.0 cm3/g, standard-microcrystal MOF-808纳米颗粒 | 1579984-19-2 | 968382 |
| Tris[μ-[[1,4-benzenedicarboxylato(2-)-κO1:κO'1]]chloro-μ3-oxotriiron, Aperture: 2.3 - 2.7nm, Particle size 300 - 600 nm, BET surface area 2800 m2/g 三[μ-[[1,4-苯二羧基(2-)-κO1:κO'1]]氯-μ3-氧代三铁 | 1189182-67-9 | 9108347 |
| Zinc 2-methylimidazole MOF, 98% 2-甲基咪唑锌MOF | 59061-53-9 | 807463 |
| Zirconium 1,4-dicarboxybenzene MOF (UiO-66), BET surface area 1000-1600 m2/g, particle size: amorphous microcrystal 锆 1,4-羧基苯MOF (UiO-66) | 1072413-89-8 | 946537 |
| Zinc oxide, 99.99%, trace metals basis 氧化锌 | 1314-13-2 | 955126 |
| Zinc oxide nanopowder, 99.5%, particle size: 10 - 30 nm, SSA: ≥110 m²/g 纳米氧化锌 | 1314-13-2 | 987552 |
| Nano zinc oxide aqueous solution, 20 mg/mL, ZnO particle size: 4 - 10 nm 纳米氧化锌水溶液 | 1314-13-2 | 900389 |
| Zinc oxide paste, 30wt.% solution in ethylene glycol/MeOH(1:1), ZnO particle size: 4-10 nm 氧化锌浆料 | 1314-13-2 | 961949 |
| SnO2 Nanoparticles, 6-10nm, 5% in H2O colloidal dispersion, prime grade 优级纳米二氧化锡 | 18282-10-5 | 911321 |
| Tin(IV) oxide, 3 - 6 nm, 2.5% organic solvent dispersion 二氧化锡(IV) | 18282-10-5 | 926676 |
| Tin(IV) oxide, 99.5%, 30 - 80 nm 二氧化锡(IV) | 18282-10-5 | 139476 |
| Aluminum oxide nanopowder, 99.9%, alpha, particle size: <100 nm, SSA: 15 - 20 m2/g 纳米氧化铝 | 1344-28-1 | 961601 |
| Magnesium oxide nanopowder, 99.9%, particle size: <60 nm, SSA: 40 m2/g 纳米氧化镁 | 1309-48-4 | 961354 |
| Manganese dioxide nanopowder, 99.9%, particle size: <80 nm 纳米二氧化锰 | 1313-13-9 | 909230新 |
| Nickel oxide, 99%, particle size: 4-8nm, 2.5wt.% in n-hexanol colloidal dispersion 氧化镍 | / | 113317 |
| Hafnium(IV) oxide, 99.9%, metal basis, Zr ≤0.5% 氧化铪(IV) 氧化铪(IV) | 12055-23-1 | 424125 |
| Titanium(IV) oxide nanopowder, 99.9%, anatase, particle size: 10 - 25 nm, SSA: 30 m²/g 纳米二氧化钛(IV) | 13463-67-7 | 931313 |
| Mesoporous TiO2 microspheres, diam:600-2500 nm,SSA:80-157 m2/g,pore size: 4.0-12 nm,pore volume:0.2-0.56 cm3/g 介孔二氧化钛亚微米球 | / | 2748683 |
| Titanium(IV) oxide nanopowder, 99%, particle size: 20 nm, SSA: 30 m²/g 纳米二氧化钛(IV) | 13463-67-7 | 945209 |
| Zirconium(IV) oxide, 99%, particle size <0.045 mm 氧化锆(IV) | 1314-23-4 | 993529 |
| Carbon nanotubes, single-walled, carboxylic acid functionalized, 60%, outer diam.:1-2 nm, length: 1-3 um 碳纳米管, 单壁式, , 羧酸官能化 | 308068-56-6 | 901688 |
| Carbon nanotubes, single-walled, 95%, reagent grade, diam.: <2 nm, length: 1 - 3 μm 碳纳米管, 单壁式 | 308068-56-6 | 977980 |
| Carbon nanotubes, multi-walled, carboxylic acid functionalized, 90%, reagent grade, outer diam.: 10 - 20 nm, length: ＜30 μm 碳纳米管, 多壁式, 羧基官能化 | 308068-56-6 | 937005 |
| Carbon nanotubes, multi-walled, carboxylic acid functionalized, 95%, reagent grade, inner diam.: 3 - 5 nm, outer diam.: 8 - 15 nm, length: 50 μm 碳纳米管, 多壁式, 羧酸官能化 | 308068-56-6 | 954310 |
| Carbon nanotubes, single-walled, 95%, reagent grade, diam.: <2 nm, length: 5 - 30 μm, SSA: 1075 m2/g 碳纳米管, 单壁式 | 308068-56-6 | 998429 |
| Graphene, 98%, reagent grade, thickness: 0.55 - 3.74 nm, diam.: 0.5-3μm, layers: <10 石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 966627 |
| Graphene, 98%, reagent grade, thickness: 1 - 3 nm, layers: <3, size: >50 μm 石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 953031 |
| Graphene oxide, 99%, reagent grade, thickness: 0.55 - 1.2 nm, diam.: 0.5 - 3 μm, layers: ＜3 氧化石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 934143 |
| Graphene, 98%, reagent grade, thickness: 0.55 - 3.74 nm, diam.: 0.5-3μm, layers: <10 石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 966627 |
| Reduced graphene oxide, ≥98 wt% 还原型氧化石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 940986 |
| Nitrogen doped graphene, 98%, SSA: 100 - 300 m2/g, layers：≤3 氮掺杂石墨烯 | 1034343-98-0 | 900324 |
| 氮掺杂石墨烯海绵（泡沫,气凝胶） 尺寸:直径~1cm 高~2.5cm 氮掺杂石墨烯海绵（泡沫,气凝胶） 尺寸:直径~1cm 高~2.5cm | 7440-44-0 | 102817 |
| 硼掺杂石墨烯量子点溶液 浓度：10mg/ml 溶剂：水 硼掺杂石墨烯量子点溶液 浓度：10mg/ml 溶剂：水 | 7440-44-0 | 103877 |
| 硼掺杂石墨烯海绵（泡沫、气凝胶） 尺寸:直径~1cm 高~2cm 硼掺杂石墨烯海绵（泡沫、气凝胶） 尺寸:直径~1cm 高~2cm | 7440-44-0 | 103015 |
2、电解质添加剂：
纳米氧化镁有妙用，作为电极材料或添加剂，凭高比表面积与孔隙结构，助力电解液渗透、电荷快速传输，进而优化超级电容器的充放电效率，提升能量与功率密度。
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Magnesium oxide nanopowder, 99.9%, particle size: <60 nm, SSA: 40 m2/g 纳米氧化镁 | 1309-48-4 | 961354 |
3、集流体：
纳米金属材料，典型的如纳米金，用于修饰集流体或成为其一部分，凭借良好导电性与对电极材料的强结合力，改善电容器综合性能。
| 品名 | CAS | 货号 |
|---|---|---|
| Oil soluble spherical gold nanoparticles, 0.05 mg/mL in xylenes, d=100±5nm, surface group: arenes 油溶性球形金纳米颗粒 | / | 9229233 |
| Water soluble spherical gold nanoparticles, 0.05 mg/mL in ultrapure water, d=10±3nm, surface group: citrate, λ=519±2nm, OD: 0.8±0.1 水溶性球形金纳米颗粒 | 7440-57-5 | 919290 |
| Gold nanorods, 99%, 0.1 mg/mL dispersion in H2O, diam : 25±3 nm, length: 100±10 nm, λ: 830±5 nm 金纳米棒 | 7440-57-5 | 910065 |
| Silver nanowires, 97%, 10 mg/mL dispersion in ethanol, diam.: 27 - 33 nm, length: 20 - 30 μm 银纳米线 | 7440-22-4 | 900441 |
| Silver nanowires, diam.: <50 nm, length: >10 μm 银纳米线 | 7440-22-4 | 926783 |
| Silver nanoparticles modified with PEG, 0.1 mg/mL in ultrapure water, d=100±5nm, surface group: —PEG—COOH PEG化银纳米颗粒 | / | 9229101 |
| Silver nanoparticles modified with PEG, 0.1 mg/mL in ultrapure water, d=100±5nm, surface group: —PEG—NH2 PEG化银纳米颗粒 | / | 9229089 |
| Oil soluble silver nanoparticles, 0.1 mg/mL; Solvent: Xylene; Particle size: 100 ± 5 nm; Surface functional groups: aromatic hydrocarbons 油溶性银纳米颗粒 | / | 9229077 |
| Oil soluble silver nanoparticles, 0.1 mg/mL in in xylenes, d=10±2nm, surface group: arene 油溶性银纳米颗粒 | / | 9229067 |
| Copper nanowires, 10 mg/mL dispersion in water, diam.: 40 - 230 nm, length: 10 - 30 μm 铜纳米线 | 7440-50-8 | 910447 |
| Copper nanowires, 98%, 10 mg/mL dispersion in water, diam.: 100 - 200 nm, length: 0.8 - 6 μm 铜纳米线 | 7440-50-8 | 940441 |
| Copper nanopowder, 99.9%, particle size: 40 - 70 nm, SSA: 12.01 m2/g 纳米铜 | 7440-50-8 | 931579 |
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